Growing Hawthorn: A Step-By-Step Guide
Updated on
September 9, 2023
Growing Hawthorn
Hawthorn is a small shrub or tree with glossy, deep green leaves and clusters of white or pink flowers that typically bloom in mid-spring. The flowers and leaves of the Hawthorn can be used in traditional medicines and teas to treat things like high blood pressure and chest pain. The fruit of the tree is edible and can be used to make jams, jellies, and syrups.
Growing Hawthorn: A Step-By-Step Guide
1. Choose the Right Variety
Decide on a Hawthorn variety that suits your climate and soil conditions. Common varieties include Crataegus laevigata and Crataegus monogyna.
2. Selecting the Planting Location
Choose a location with full sun exposure and well-draining soil. Ensure the area has enough space for the Hawthorn to grow and spread.
3. Preparing the Soil
Before planting, amend the soil with organic matter like compost or aged manure to improve drainage and fertility. Avoid heavy clay soils.
4. Planting Hawthorn
Dig a hole twice the width of the root ball and deep enough to accommodate it. Place the Hawthorn in the hole, ensuring the top of the root ball is level with the soil surface. Fill the hole with soil, gently firming it around the plant.
5. Watering and Mulching
Water the newly planted Hawthorn thoroughly after planting and keep the soil consistently moist for the first year. Apply a layer of organic mulch around the base of the plant to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
6. Pruning
Prune Hawthorn during the dormant season to remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches. Remove any suckers or water sprouts that may arise from the base of the tree.
7. Pest and Disease Control
Monitor your Hawthorn for common pests like aphids or scale insects. Apply appropriate organic insecticides if necessary. Keep an eye out for diseases such as rust or powdery mildew, and ensure good airflow around the plant to prevent them.
8. Fertilizer Application
Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring to promote healthy growth. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for application rates.
9. Harvesting Berries
If your Hawthorn variety produces edible berries, wait until they turn red and slightly soften before harvesting. Remove the berries carefully and store them in a cool, dry place.
10. Winter Care
Protect young Hawthorn trees from harsh winter weather by wrapping the trunk with burlap or providing a windbreak. Mulch heavily around the base to insulate the roots.
Tools and Supplies Needed:
- Garden spade
- Compost or aged manure
- Watering can or hose
- Organic mulch
- Pruning shears
- Organic insecticides
- Balanced, slow-release fertilizer
- Harvesting container
- Protective wrapping material
Hawthorn is a lovely and adaptable species of shrub or small tree with white or pink blooms and red berries in the fall. The majority of hawthorn species are very simple to grow and look great in any garden setting. Planning ahead and following a few simple steps will ensure healthy hawthorn growth.
Step 1: Choose A Plant
When selecting a hawthorn, consider your climate and the space you have available. english hawthorn (crataegus monogyna) can survive in harsh climates, but japanese thoroughwort (crataegus cuneata) is less cold-tolerant and requires a shelter in northern climates. there are also a variety of hawthorn species which grow tall, so make sure to consider the size of your garden before selecting a plant.
Step 2: Pick The Right Spot
hawthorn prefers exposed sunny spots with well-drained soil and plenty of direct sunlight. the best soil for hawthorn is slightly acidic and contains plenty of organic material. make sure to prepare the soil by adding some compost or manure before planting.
Step 3: Plant
when planting hawthorn, choose a spot with plenty of room for the shrub to grow. dig a hole that is twice the size of the root ball and mix in some compost or manure to the soil. place the shrub in the hole and backfill the soil. gently compact the soil and water thoroughly. finally, add a layer of mulch to keep the soil moist and aid in weed prevention.
Step 4: Maintenance
hawthorn is low-maintenance and doesn't require much care. fertilize once a year in the spring before new growth begins and prune it in the winter to maintain its shape. keep an eye on the soil moisture and water when necessary. remove any dead or diseased branches to keep the shrub healthy.
hawthorn is a great shrub to add to any garden. not only is it beautiful and hardy, but it also requires minimal care. with the right selection and preparation, hawthorn is easy to grow and will add a bit of beauty to any garden.
Frequently Asked Questions about Growing Hawthorn
1. What is Hawthorn?
Hawthorn, also known as Crataegus, is a genus of shrubs and small trees commonly found in North America, Europe, and Asia. It is prized for its beautiful flowers, bright red berries, and medicinal properties. Hawthorn plants belong to the rose family and are known for their hardiness and adaptability.
2. How do I choose the right location for growing Hawthorn?
When selecting a location for your Hawthorn, it is important to choose a spot that receives full sun to partial shade. Hawthorns prefer well-drained soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH. Avoid areas prone to waterlogging or heavy clay soil, as this can negatively impact growth.
3. When is the best time to plant Hawthorn?
The ideal time to plant Hawthorn is in late fall or early spring when the soil is moist and temperatures are moderate. This allows the plant to establish its roots before facing the extremes of summer or winter. Avoid planting during hot summer months or freezing winter periods.
4. How often should I water my Hawthorn?
In the first year after planting, it is crucial to water your Hawthorn regularly to ensure proper root development. Water deeply once or twice a week, especially during dry periods. Once established, Hawthorn is relatively drought-tolerant and may only need supplemental watering during long periods of drought.
5. Do I need to prune my Hawthorn?
Pruning Hawthorn is not always necessary but can be done for shaping or maintaining the plant's size. It is best to prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Remove any dead or diseased branches, as well as any crossing or crowded branches to improve airflow and reduce the risk of pests and diseases.
6. Does Hawthorn require fertilizer?
Hawthorns generally do not require much fertilization if grown in nutrient-rich soil. However, if your soil is lacking in nutrients, you can apply a balanced slow-release fertilizer in early spring. Avoid over-fertilizing, as excessive nitrogen can lead to lush foliage but reduced flower and fruit production.
7. Are there any common pests or diseases that affect Hawthorn?
Hawthorns are generally resistant to most pests and diseases. However, they can be susceptible to leaf spot diseases, powdery mildew, and certain insect pests like aphids and caterpillars. Regular inspections and proper maintenance, including pruning and providing adequate airflow, can help prevent and manage these issues.
8. Can I propagate Hawthorn from cuttings?
Yes, Hawthorn can be propagated from hardwood cuttings or by seed. Hardwood cuttings should be taken in winter and planted in well-draining soil or a rooting medium. Seeds can be collected from mature berries in autumn and cold-stratified before sowing in spring. Keep in mind that Hawthorn seeds may take longer to germinate.
9. Are there any special considerations for growing Hawthorn in containers?
Hawthorn can be grown in containers with proper care. Choose a large container with good drainage holes and use a well-draining potting mix. Regular watering and fertilization are essential, as container-grown plants dry out faster and nutrients can be depleted more quickly. Prune regularly to keep the plant size manageable.
10. Does Hawthorn attract wildlife to the garden?
Yes, Hawthorn is known to attract birds, bees, and butterflies with its fragrant flowers and nutritious berries. It can be a valuable addition to wildlife-friendly gardens, providing food and habitat for various species.
Hawthorn is an extremely beneficial and versatile tree that should be more commonly grown in gardens, parks and even natural settings. Hawthorn fruits are a valuable food source for both humans and wildlife, providing much needed nutrition in a healthy and sustainable way. The tree’s size, shape and thorns also make it an excellent barrier against wind and sound and is also a useful habitat for birds and other small animals. Plus, Hawthorn’s showy blossoms in spring are simply beautiful!
